Kiln.



I SILVA.

mu. MPLIQATIUN FILED $5.23. 1915- Patented Aug. 1; 1916.

a SHEETS-SHEET I.

' JUN. SILVA.

- KILN. PQPPLICATION FILED AUG-2B, I915.

PatentedAug. 1,1916.

- s suns-sun? 2.

. 1. N. SILVA.

KILN.

' A PPL|CATION FILED AUG.28. 1915.

Patented Aug. M916.

3 smzns -sncn a1 JN 51774 W Witneooea aw m.

JUAN NZ, SILVA, F PUEBLO, COLORADO.

4 KII-N.

Application filed Au ustus, 1915. Serial No. 47,838.

To all whom it ma?! concern being to pr duce a battery or several bat terms of kilns all connected up. in a system comprising one or more series of'kilns so combined and arranged with relation to each other and a system of fines and tunnels, coin bined with exhaust and blast fans, that the heat or products of combustion exhausting from one kiln, for example, may be utilized in one or more succeeding or adjacent kilns for drying out purposes thereby producing a multiple kiln which under the arrangement of fines hereinafter described forms. what may be termed a'seini-continuous systcm giving practically the same service and-- economy as the present continuous kiln. while being easier to operate and of a more simple construction.

The most economical kiln now in use is known the continuous kiln but the cost is so increased relatively to the ordinary kiln that the price is prohibitive in a maiority oi cases The cost of tlIGfiOIltlIlLIOUS-kllll is from eightto twenty times as expensive as the ordinary common k ln the chiei-advantage of the continuous kiln residing in the fact that the waste heat is reduced. to a inininiuii'i while in the ordinary type of kiln from fifty to seventy per cent. of the heat passes out through the-stack.v r; ngenient and system hereinafter explained, a plant employing the ordinary form of kiln may be easily and. economically converted into the iniproved form so as to produce a continuous or semi-continuous system that may be operated as cheaply as a standard continuous kiln.

With the above and other objects in. view,.

the invention consists in the novel constructon, combination and .arrangementot' parts,

as hercincescribed, illustrated and claimed. in the accompanying drawings :Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing two batteries or series of kilns, including the main exhaust air. feed. tunnels, th blast and exhaust fans, and the kiln connecting flues.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. air' distributer.

'- one of the grates. As all of the kilns of the system embody drawn andr'eplaced;

3y the ar- Patented Aug. 3-, 1916.

fire boxes. Fig. 3 is a vertical diai'iiet-rical section taken centrally of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 s

anenlarged vertical sectionthrougli one 01' the fire boxes including the ash pit, grate and Fig. 5 is a plan view of the same general construction. and" arrange merit, a description of one Will answen for all. Each kiln is designated generally at A and is shown as of the circular wall type, said main circular wall being indicated at 1 and being or any suitable height and covered by a crown wall The lower portion. yet the wall 1 is considerably thickened as- Fig. 2 is a horizoiital'section through a pair of adjacent kilns taken on the level of the.

shown at? to provide for the construction therein of a fire box-.4 beneath which is arranged-a grate designated generally at B while beneath the grate is an ash pit 5 hav ing a'removable ash pan 6 and a door 7 through which the ash In communication with each fire box or furnace 4 is a vertically extending bagv Wall 8 forming a substantially vertical flue 9 pan 6 may bewith through which the products of combustion may passupwai-dly'ordownwardly as the case may be, themovenient of the current of the products of combustion being co-ntrolled by ineans'tobe hereinafter described.

These bag walls and fines are' arranged in circular series around the interior of "the circular wall. lot the kiln so as not tointerfere with one or more door ways 10 through which the material to be burned maybe in troduced and removed. The floor 11 of the 1 kiln is formed 'with openings 121extending' through-the floorand communicating with a main diametrically extending fine l3 located under floor 11 and inwardly converg- Zing branch fines let whicliextend from'the circular' wall. 1 inwardly. and communicate rwitlithemain final-3. The fluev 13 extends from kiln to kiln and serves to'trans'fer'the products of combustion from one kiln to anothersotliat the products of combustion after being used for burning thematerial in one kiln may be transferredorfexhausted'- to-anadjacent kiln or kilns for the purpose of primarily heating the material therein.-

Rar'allel to the kiln ,connectingfiueliiis an exhausting find 15 which extends through out the seriesot kilns so astb -carr'y *thc products of combustion finallytwain "outlet stack 16 located at any convenient point in the plant. Between adjacent kilns the fine 13 is provided with dampers 17 and 18 arranged in spaced relation to each other and the flue 15 is provided with correspondingly arranged dampers 19 and 20. Between the dampers of the flue 13 and the dampers of the flue 15 is arranged a transfer damper or valve21 whereby the contents of one of the fines 13 or 15 maybe directed into the other fine of the pair. The said dampers also enable any kiln to be cut off from the adjacent kilns at opposite sides thereof.

In viewof the arrangement of the valves 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21 as shown, for example, in Fig. 2, by closing the valve 18 and leaving the valve '17 open and by closing the valve 19 and opening the valve 20, the products of combustion from the left hand kiln may be transferred by opening the valve 21 to the exhaust flue 15 so as to pass by the next adjacent right hand kiln and either on to the atmosphere or into any succeeding kiln desired. In other words, the flue 15 is used for the purpose of carryingthe products of combustion past one or more kilns as may be desired in accordance with the condition of the contents of the kilns at any particular time.

The flue 15 is not connected directly with or to the bottoms of the kiln; the-only connection said flue 15 has with the kilns is through the flue 13 by way of the damper 21. As there are many varieties of clays, requiring different treatment as to heating, as

well as cooling, the flue 15 is provided to do such work, serving to draw the gases from any kiln and direct the same to any other desired kiln or kilns in the battery wherever needed. The flue 15 is also to be used in case it is necessary to draw the products of combustion from any particular kiln to any other kiln for drying purposes, without interfering with any kiln or kilns that may be between the kiln in full fire and the kiln in which the drying operation is progressing. The connection of the flue 15 to the smoke stack is to be used in case there should be more waste heat than could be utilized; in such case the surplus heat may be discharged to the stack thus providing for the necessary outlet for the products of combustion of the kiln or kilns. In other words, the flue 15 is designed to carry the heat from any. part of the battery of kilns to any other point or unit of the battery where it is needed while the flue 13 is only to conduct the heat directly from one kiln to the next.

In connection with the series of kilns I employ a main exhaust tunnel 22 and a main .ai': feed tunnel 23. Air is forced through] the tunnel 23 by means of a blast fan 24: into "a eircularor manifold flue 25 one of which -/egnc"ircles 'each of the kilns Afthe end pormi' 't'ions 26 and 27 of said manifold flue being extended outwardly so as to communicate one with the air feed tunnel 23 and the other with the main exhaust tunnel 22. A damper or cut off 28 controls the terminal port-ion 26 of the circular manifold 25 and a similar dam )e-r or cut off 29 controls the other end portion 27 of said circular manifold. There fore, by opening the valve 28, air under pressure may be forced through the manifold 25 into the furnaces and thence upwardly through the bag walls 9 into the top of the kiln, the products of combustion passing therefrom downwardly through the openings 12 in the floor and into the main kiln connecting flue 13 thence into the adjoining kiln by opening the dampers 17 and 18. In

.the latter kiln the movement of the products of combustion is reversed,..the same passing upwardly through the openings in the floor and downwardly through the bag walls 8 and through tubes 30'which extend under the fire pits into the adjacent circular manifold 25. If it be desired to carry off the products of combustion at this point, the damper or cut off 29 is opened and the other damper or cut off 23 is closed. Thus the products of combustion are drawn into the main exhaust tunnel 22 by the action of an exhaust fan 31 which is shown as arranged at the discharge end of the exhaust tunnel 22 and adjacent to the stack 16 with which the exhaust fan casing connects as shown at 32. The fiues 15 above referred to also communicate with the main exhaust tunnel 22 at the point 33. I

The gratecomprises a substantially rectangular. open center frame 34 having arranged in fixed relation thereto an air chamber air to which is supplied by means of a branch pipe 36 leading off from the pipe 30. The top wall or cap 37 of said air chamber is perforated as shown to form an air dist-ributer and at opposite sides thereof are arranged grate bars 38 carried by rock shafts 39 which have bearings in the inner and outer bars-of the frame 34, said rockshafts proecting outwardly at one end to receiicone or more operating cranks by means of which 7 the grate bars may be rocked to clean the fire. A yoke 40 extends between the "projecting ends of the rock shafts, being formed at its opposite ends with loops 41 which embrace said rock shafts, each loop being'formed with a hole to receive a pin 42 whereby the rock shafts and the grate bars may be prevented from turning. By removing the pins 41,"thc grate bars are free to be rocked by means of the hand cranks referred to.

The air chamber 35 is provided in its un der side with an air port 42 which is covered by a plate or damper 43 having an opening therein which, receives a bolt 14 extending *FnlLCQ-(l tightly againstthe-atir chamber so as to 'close the. opening 42' and by loosening the nut 45 t-he'opeuing. 42 may bQ-HIICOVGI'B-dso as to allow airto pass thereth'rough to sub aequently pass upwardly through. the grate to promote combustion. '46 designates a cut.

off for the branch- .nipe 36 above referred to,

said cut off 46 being provided with a stem 47 extending outwardly and projecting beydnd the frame 3-L of themgrate so that by sliding 7 said stein inwardly or outwardly the out 0E 46 may be opened or closed. the tire box door.

From the foregoing description, ta en in' --*:onncction with the accompanying d 'awings, it will now be understood that the pg oducts of combustion after performing thei burning operation 1n one of the kilns may be conducted through the flue 13 to the ad aQent kiln or kilns. so as to primarily heat the contents thereof preparatory to starting the fur naces of the last named kiln or kilns thereby greatly economizingin the consumption of fuel. The-circulation is forced by means of the arrangement of fines and tunnels herein aboye described whentalgeu in connection with the blast and exhaustlfans in the rela 1 30 into the circular manifold of the right of air. therethrough tion thereto as specified. Each circular ma'ni fold 25 1S tl'ierehy adapted to perform two functions, 'first to conduct a forced dralit of air to the furnaces, and secondly to exhaust the products of eornbustionfrom said circular' manifold. in the left hand kiln 1n Flg.

3, the air is being forced inwardly through the'circul ar manifold-25 and thence through the air distribute-rs 37 1nto the space above the grate'carrying with it the products of. combustion upwardly through the bag walls 8- into the top of the kiln and thence down-.

wardly throughthe floor into the fiues13 and ll. .Froni thispoint the products of coinhustion are carried by means of the flue 13 from the left hand kiln to the right hand kiln where they pass upwardly through the floor to the top the kiln and thence downwardly through the bag walls 8 and the tubes hand kiln. From this manifold line, by opening the damper 29; the products of combustion are drawn into the main exhaust tunnel and forced by the fan 3.1 to thestack 18 from which they pass togthe atmosphere.-

claim: 1 I

1.: The combination of a plurality of kilns,

a main air feed tunnel common to all, of the Ibv kilns, a ma n exhaust tunnel common to all p i; thelrilns', a combined air feed and' exhaust, manifold encircling each of the kilns-and- I communicating at oneend with the main air 49 designates iced tunnel andatfthe other end with the main exhaust tunnel, and. means for cutting off communication between said manifold and the air feed tunnel and also li between said'nianifold and the exhaust tunnel.

The combination of a plurality oi kilns,

a main air feed tunnel common to all of the kilns, a main exhaust tunnel common to-all.

of the kilns, acombined air feed and exhaust Y manifold encircling each of the kilns and communicating at oneendavith the mainv air feed tunnel and at [the pale; end with the main exhaust tunnel, meansfor cutting oi? communication between said manifold and theair feed tunnel and al'sofbetweon said manifold and the exhaust. tunnel, and a kiln .connecting fine i 'or t 'ansferring the products of combustion from one-kiln to an HClJOllllilg kiln.

The combination of a plurality, o1 kilns, a main airreed'tunnelcommon to all ot the -kilns,fa main exhaust tunnel common to. all

ofth'e kilns, a combinedainfeed and exhaust manifold en irc'ling each of the kilns and coinn'iunicating at one end with the main air-feed tunnel and at the other end with the main. exhaust tunnel, means for cutting off communication between said manifold and the air feed tunnel and also between said manifold and the exhaust tunnel, and a kiln connecting flue for transferri g the products of combustion from one kiln. to an ad oining kiln, said connecting flue being provided with 'dan'ipcrs. for the purpose specified. I

" sl. The combination of a plurality of kilns,- a main air feed tunnel common to all of the kilns, a main exhaust tunnel common to all of the. kilns, a combined air feed and exhaust manifold ;enc1rcl1ng-.each of the kilns ,and coulnuinicat ug at one end with the main air con'ilu'unication' between said manifold and the air feed tunnel and also between, said nanifold andtlie exhaust tunneh'bag walls arranged interiorly of the kiln,.'and pipes fold flue. I

5. The con'ibinaton ot' a. plurality of kilns,

a main air feed tunnel coiinnon' to all of the kilns, a main exhaust tunnel common to all of the .l ilns,a combined. air feed and exhaust manifold encircl ng each of .the kilns and communicating"at onernd w th the main air I feed tunnel and at. the-other end with the inam exhaust tunnel, ineans for cutting oli communication between said manifold-and the air feed tunnel and also betweensaid manifold andthc exhaust tunnel, furnaces arranged in a. circula r series in the'kiln' w a ll, grates n saidfurnaces an an distributing chainberlneach grate, andpipes leading ion .t'eed tunnel. and-at the other end with the ma n exhaust tunnel, inansfor cutting oti extending from said hag walls tothe inaniv from the manifold flue to said air chambers. 6., The comblna tion of aplural ty of kilns,

a main air feed tunnel common tofall of the kilns, a main exhaust tunnel common to all of the kilns, a combined air feed and exhaust manifold encircling each of the kilns and communicating at one end with the main air feed tunnel and at the other end with the main exhaust tunnel, means for cutting off communication between said manifold and the air feed tunnel and also between said manifold and the exhaust tunnel, furnaces arranged in a circular series in the kiln wall, grates in said furnaces, an air distributing chamber in each grate, pipes leading from the manifold flue to said air chambers, and cut-offs for said air pipes.

7. The combination of a plurality of kilns, a main air feed tunnel common to all of the kilns, a. main exhaust tunnel common to all of the kilns, a combined air feed and exhaust manifold encircling each of the kilns and communicating at one end with the main air feed tunnel and at the other end with the main exhaust tunnel, means for cutting off communication between said manifold and the air feed tunnel and also between said manifold and the exhaust tunnel, furnaces arranged in a circular series in the kiln wall, grates in said furnaces, an air distributing chamber.in each grate, pipes leading from the manifold flue to said air chambers, cutoffs for said air pipes, said air chamber being provided with an opening, and a movable closure for said opening.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' JUAN N. SILVA. lVitnesses HENRY L. Ewe, MINNIE JANE Ewn.

ficpies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C. 

